中考英語記敘文寫作技巧

　　相信大家對作文都不陌生吧，尤其是應(yīng)用極其廣泛的記敘文，記敘文要寫清人物、時間、地點、事件的起因、經(jīng)過和結(jié)果等”六要素“。那么優(yōu)秀的記敘文是什么樣的呢？以下是小編精心整理的中考英語記敘文寫作技巧，希望對大家有所幫助。

　　記敘文是記人敘事的文章，它主要是用于說明事件的時間、背景、起因、過程及結(jié)果，即我們通常所說的五個“ w ”( what, who, when, where, why )和一個“ h ”( how )。記敘文的重點在于“述說”和“描寫”，因此一篇好的記敘文要敘述條理清楚，描寫生動形象。下面就談?wù)動⒄Z記敘文的特點和寫好記敘文的基本要領(lǐng)。

　　一、記敘文的特點

　　1、敘述的人稱

　　英語的記敘文一般是以第一或第三人稱的角度來敘述的。用第一稱表示的是由敘述者親眼所見、親耳所聞的經(jīng)歷。它的優(yōu)點在于能把故事的情節(jié)通過“我”來傳達給讀者，使人讀后感到真實可信，如身臨其境。如：

　　the other day, i was driving along the street、suddenly, a car lost its control and ran directly towards me fast、i was so frightened that i quickly turned to the left side、but it was too late、the car hit my bike and i fell off it.

　　用第三人稱敘述，優(yōu)點在于敘述者不受“我”活動范圍以內(nèi)的人和事物的限制，而是通過作者與讀者之外的第三者，直接把故事中的情節(jié)展現(xiàn)在讀者面前，文章的客觀性很強。如：

　　little tom was going to school with an umbrella, for it was raining hard、on the way, he saw an old woman walking in the rain with nothing to cover、tom went up to the old woman an

　　d wanted to share the umbrella with her, but he was too short、what could he do? then he had a good idea.

　　2、動詞的時態(tài)

　　在記敘文中，記和敘都離不開動詞。所以動詞出現(xiàn)率最高，且富于變化。記敘文中用得最多的是動詞的過去的，這是英語記敘文區(qū)別于漢語記敘文的關(guān)鍵之處。英語寫作的優(yōu)美之處就在于這些動詞時態(tài)的變化，正是這一點才使得所記、所敘有鮮活的動態(tài)感、鮮明的層次感和立體感。

　　3、敘述的順序

　　記敘一件事要有一定的順序。無論是順敘、倒敘、插敘還是補敘，都要讓讀者能弄清事情的來龍去脈。順敘最容易操作，較容易給讀者提供有關(guān)事情的空間和時間線索。但這種方法也容易使文章顯得平鋪直敘，讀起來平淡乏味。倒敘、插敘、補敘等敘述方法能有效地提高文章的結(jié)構(gòu)效果，讓所敘之事跌宕起伏，使讀者在閱讀時思維產(chǎn)生較大的跳躍，從而為文章所吸引，深入其中。但這些方法如果使用不當，則容易弄巧成拙，使文章結(jié)構(gòu)散亂，頭緒不清，讓讀者不知所云。

　　4、敘述的過渡

　　過渡在上下文中起著承上啟下、融會貫通的作用。過渡往往用在地點轉(zhuǎn)移或時間、事件轉(zhuǎn)換以及由概括說明到具體敘述時。如：

　　in my summer holidays, i did a lot of things、apart form doing my homework, reading an english novel, watching tv and doing some housework, i went on a trip to qingdao、it is really a beautiful city、there are many places of interest to see、but what impressed me most was the sunrise.

　　the next morning i got up early、i

　　was very happy because it was a fine day、by the time i got to the beach, the clouds on the horizon were turning red、in a little while, a small part of the sun was gradually appearing、the sun was very red, not shining、it rose slowly、at last it broke through the red clouds and jumped above the sea, just like a deep-red ball、at the same time the clouds and the sea water became red and bright.

　　what a moving and unforgettable scene!

　　5、敘述與對話

　　引用故事情節(jié)中主要人物的對話是記敘文提高表現(xiàn)力的一種好方法。適當?shù)赜弥苯右�語代替間接的主觀敘述，可以客觀生動地反映人物的性格、品質(zhì)和心理狀態(tài)，使記敘生動、有趣，使文章內(nèi)容更加充實、具體。試比較下面兩段的敘述效果：

　　i was in the kitchen, and i was cooking something、suddenly i heard a loud noise from the front、i thought maybe someone was knocking the door、i asked who it was but i heard no reply、after a while i saw my cat running across the parlor、i realized it was the cat、i felt released.

　　這本來應(yīng)是一段故事性很強的文字，但經(jīng)作者這么一寫，就不那么吸引人了。原因是文中用的都是敘述模式，沒有人物語言，把“懸念”給沖淡了�？勺魅�

　　下調(diào)整：

　　i was in the kitchen cooking something、"crash!" a loud noise came from the front、thinking someone was knocking at the door, i asked, "who?" no reply、after a while, i saw my cat running across the parlor、"it's you." i said, quite released.

　　二、寫好記敘文的基本要領(lǐng)

　　1、頭緒分明，脈絡(luò)清楚

　　寫好記敘文，首先要頭緒分明，脈絡(luò)清楚，明確文章要求寫什么。要對所寫的事件或人物進行分析，弄清事件發(fā)生、發(fā)展一直到結(jié)束的整個過程，然后再收集選取素材。這些素材都應(yīng)該跟上述五個“ w ”和一個“ h ”有關(guān)。盡管不是每篇記敘文里都必須包括這些“ w ”和“ h ”，但動筆之前，圍繞五個“ w ”和“ h ”進行構(gòu)思是必不可少的。

　　2、突出中心，詳略得當

　　在文章的框架確定后，對支持故事的素材的選取是很關(guān)鍵的。選材要注意取舍，應(yīng)該從表現(xiàn)文章主題的需要出發(fā)，分清主次，定好詳略。要突出重點，詳寫細述那些能表現(xiàn)文章主題的重要情節(jié)，略寫粗述那么非關(guān)鍵的次要情節(jié)。面面俱到反而使情節(jié)羅列化，使人不得要領(lǐng)。這一點是寫好記敘文要解決的一個基本問題，也需要一定的技巧。如：

　　one night a man came to our house and told me, "there is a family with eight children、they have not eaten for days." i took some food with

　　me and went.

　　when i finally came to that family, i saw the faces of those little children disfigured (破壞外貌) by hunger、there was no sorrow or sadness in their faces, just the deep pain of hunger.

　　i gave the rice to the mother、she divided the rice in two, and went out, carrying half the rice、when she came back, i asked her, "where did you go?" she gave me this simple answer, "to my neighbors — they are hungry also!"

　　3、用活語言，準確生動

　　記敘文要用具體的事件和生動的語言對人、事、物加以敘述。一篇好的記敘文的語言既要準確、生動，又要表現(xiàn)力強，這樣才能把人、事描寫得具體生動，其可讀性才強。試比較下面一篇例文修改的前后效果。

　　原文：

　　one day xiaoqiang was wandering away、he was soon lost among people and traffic、he could not find the way back home and started crying、just then, two young students who were passing by found him standing alone in front of a shop and crying、they went up to xiaoqiang and asked him what had happened、xiaoqiang told them how he got lost and where

　　he lived、the two students decided to take him home、mother was pleased to see xiaoqiang come back safe and sound、she invited the two students into the house and gave them some money, but they didn't take it、she served them with tea but they left.

　　修改后：

　　the other day, five-year-old xiaoqiang left home alone and wandered happily in the street、after some time, he felt hungry so he wanted to go back home、but he found he was lost among the crowded people and heavy traffic、when he could not find the way home, he started and crying、just then, two young students who were passing by from school found him sanding crying in front of a shop、they immediately went up to him.

　　"little boy, why are you standing here crying?" they asked.

　　"i want mom, i go home." said the boy, still crying.

　　"don't worry, we'll send you home."

　　and they spent the next two hours looking for the boy

　　's house、with the help of a policeman, they finally found it.

　　when the worried mother saw her son come back safe and sound, she was so thankful and she invited the students into her house、gratefully, she offered them some money, saying it was a way to express her thanks, but the young students firmly refused it and left without even a cup of tea.

　　中考英語記敘文寫作技巧1

　　一、文章結(jié)構(gòu)

　　英語寫作和漢語寫作一樣，要寫出好文章除了要有好的內(nèi)容外還少不了好的結(jié)構(gòu)，而結(jié)構(gòu)的好壞又取決于選詞造句。

　　1. 切合主題

　　寫作都有固定的主題，最忌諱的就是跑題。因此，一定要確保文章的內(nèi)容與主題一致，否則再好的文章也是失敗之作。

　　2. 措詞

　　在寫作時要選擇準確、生動而形象的詞，要有意識地使用俗語、成語等，這樣可避免語言的單調(diào)貧乏，令文章生動而富有內(nèi)涵。

　　3. 句子

　　寫作忌枯燥乏味，不要用同一模式反復表達，可以嘗試用多種方法來表達同一概念，不斷變化句子結(jié)構(gòu)，使語言豐富多彩。

　　二、 語法

　　我們寫的文章，有時整篇沒有幾句通順的話，這是因為忽視了語法。簡單地說，語法就是一個句子的構(gòu)成。明白了句子的構(gòu)成就不會寫出支離破碎的句子了。

　　語法學習很簡單。有人或許會選擇買厚厚的語法書來看，其實沒有必要。看語法書枯燥無味，毫無感覺可講，不如換種方法，放棄死記硬背，在閱讀中學習語法。在閱讀過程中我們會發(fā)現(xiàn)，同一個單詞可能多次出現(xiàn)，而且作用不同，學會將這些常用詞分類學習，語法學習也就容易多了。

　　三、單詞

　　在大學英語學習過程中，單詞對于大多數(shù)同學來說都是一大難題，然而在寫作中單詞的積累尤為重要。

　　對于記單詞，我們可以在小本上抄寫10個左右的單詞，作為一天的任務(wù)，這樣久而久之就會積累大量單詞。另一種方法就是通過閱讀記單詞，在讀的同時配合手寫，這樣不僅會讀而且會寫。

　　大學英語寫作提升技巧

　　(1) 改變時態(tài)

　　The bell is ringing now. (一般)

　　There goes the bell! (高級)

　　(2) 改變語態(tài)

　　People suggests that the meeting be put off. (一般)

　　It is suggested that the meeting be put off. (高級)

　　(3) 使用不定式

　　He is so kind that he can do me a favor. (一般)

　　He is so kind as to do me a favor. (高級)

　　(4) 使用過去分詞

　　Lisa walked out of the room and many guys followed her. (一般)

　　Followed by many guys, Lisa walked out of the lab. (高級)

　　(5) 使用v-ing 形式

　　When she arrives, please give me a call. (一般)

　　On her arriving, please give me a call. (高級)

　　(6) 使用名詞性從句

　　She happened to have met him. (一般)

　　It happened that she had met him. (高級)

　　(7) 使用定語從句

　　The girl is spoken highly of. Her homework was well done. (一般)

　　The girl whose homework was well done is spoken highly of. (高級)

　　(8) 使用狀語從句

　　I won’t believe what he says. (一般)

　　No matter what he says, I won’t believe. (高級)

　　(9) 使用虛擬語氣

　　The patient didn’t die because there were the efforts of the doctor. (一般)

　　But for the efforts of the doctor, the patient would have died. (高級)

　　(10) 使用強調(diào)句型

　　I was born in 1987. (一般)

　　It was in 1987 that I was born. (高級)

　　(11) 使用倒裝

　　Though I’m sick, I’ll carry on. (一般)

　　Sick as I am, I’ll carry on. (高級)

　　中考英語記敘文寫作技巧2

　　1、使用非謂語動詞形式

　　用非謂語動詞可以使句子簡潔。例如：

　　We were surrounded by a variety of buildings。 We found ourselves deeply absorbed in the sight。 After the visit，we left the park and we felt joyful。

　　→Surrounded by a variety of buildings，we found ourselves deeply absorbed in the sight。 After the visit，we left the park feeling joyful。

　　2、使用with的復合結(jié)構(gòu)

　　with的復合結(jié)構(gòu)，也就是獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)，常作伴隨狀語以增加被描繪內(nèi)容的生動性，使文章讀起來更簡潔明了。例如：

　　I could not go on studying because there was so much noise troubling me。

　　→I could not go on studying with so much noise troubling me。

　　3、使用復合句

　　復合句可以把結(jié)構(gòu)松散的句子連接起來，從而使表達顯得高級。例如：

　　①Occasions are quite rare when I have the time to spend a day with my kids。

　　②It is our belief that improvements in environment will contribute to the development of our society。

　　③Additionally，as the data shows，there are roughly 350 million smokers in China，75% of which are males while 25% are females。 What amazes us is that around 540 million people are affected by second hand smoke。

　　4、使用倒裝句，強調(diào)句，虛擬語氣等

　　使用這些句式可使文章化平淡為生動，加強語氣，使評卷老師感受到作者的強烈情感。

　　He did not know what had happened until he had read the news in the newspaper。

　　→It was not until he had read the news in the newspaper that he knew what had happened。（強調(diào)句）

　　→Not until he had read the news in the newspaper did he know what had happened。（倒裝句）

　　綜合使用以上句式，長短句結(jié)合，可以增強句子的連貫性和表現(xiàn)力。

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