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高中英語(yǔ)基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)及考點(diǎn)突破
高中英語(yǔ)基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)及考點(diǎn)突破1
1)與as well as用法相同的還有(along/ together) with, including, but/except/ besides, in addition to, rather than, like/ such as …
e. g. It is you rather than I who are to speak at the meeting.是你而不是我將在會(huì)上講話。
Besides him, three more men have been invited.除了他，還有三個(gè)人被邀請(qǐng)了。
2)有一些短語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)由與它靠近的詞來(lái)決定，這些短語(yǔ)有：or, either…or…, neither…nor…, not only…but also…, not…but…, There be…
e. g. He or I am to go to the meeting.他或者我去開會(huì)。
Either you or she is wrong.不是你就是她錯(cuò)了。
(3) as well as相當(dāng)于not only… but also…,但表示“不但……而且”時(shí)，A as well as B側(cè)重A,而not only A but also B側(cè)重B
e. g. You as well as I are wrong. = Not only I but also you are wrong.
(4) as well as后接從句，是副詞的同級(jí)比較。
e. g. She sings as well as she plays.她彈得好，唱得也好。
He shoots as well as he rides.他馬騎得好，槍打得也好。
(5) as well用在句末時(shí)，與also/too相近，as well與too常用于句末。
e. g. She is not only good at maths, she is good as English as well.她不但數(shù)學(xué)好，英語(yǔ)也好。
Mary’s sister teaches English, too.瑪麗的姐姐也教英語(yǔ)。
too除了放在句末外，也可接在主語(yǔ)之后，這時(shí)比較正式。
e. g. I, too, know how to work out the maths problem.我也知道怎樣解這道數(shù)學(xué)題。
also不如too/ as well用得多，不用于句末，通常與動(dòng)詞連用。
e. g. I’ve also read some of Shakespeare’s plays.我也讀過(guò)一些莎士比亞的劇本。
also, as well, too一般不用于否定句，否定句中可用not…either, neither…nor…
I like the novel as well.我也喜歡這部小說(shuō)I don’t like the novel either.我也不喜歡這部小說(shuō)。
She is here, too.她也在這里。 She isn’t here, either.她也不在這里。
3. care about
(1)關(guān)心
e. g. He used to care only about his own family, but has greatly changed now.
他曾經(jīng)只關(guān)心他自己家，但是現(xiàn)在變了很多。
(2)喜歡，對(duì)……有興趣e. g. He cares about music.他對(duì)音樂(lè)感興趣。
比較：care for
(1)照顧，照料The mother cared for the sick child night and day.
媽媽日日夜夜照料生病的孩子。
(2)喜歡，對(duì)……有興趣e. g. They do not care very greatly for art.他們對(duì)藝術(shù)不是很感興趣。
care v.在乎，在意(多用于否定結(jié)構(gòu))
(1) +從句e. g. I’ll go. I don’t care what happens.我要走，我不在乎發(fā)生什么了。
(2)后不接內(nèi)容I don’t care, so long as she let me be with her.我不在乎，只要她讓我和她在一起。
(1)注意，當(dāng)心(不可數(shù))
take care+從句e. g. Take care (that) you don’t break it.小心別打碎它。
take care of sth. e. g. Take care of what you are doing.注意你在干什么。
with care作狀語(yǔ)，仔細(xì)地，認(rèn)真地，當(dāng)心e. g. Cross the road with care.過(guò)馬路時(shí)要當(dāng)心。
(2)照顧，照管(不可數(shù))
under (one’s/ the) care e. g. I must leave him under your care.我必須讓你來(lái)照顧他。
in one’s care e. g. Mary was left in her sister’s care.瑪麗被留下來(lái)由姐姐照顧。
to one’s care e. g. I’ll leave this to your care.我將把這個(gè)留給你來(lái)照顧。
take care of e. g. It was I who was taking care of him.是我在照顧他。
(3)憂煩，煩惱(不可數(shù)) e. g. Care had made him look ten years older.煩惱使他看起來(lái)老十歲。
(4)煩人的`事(可數(shù)) e. g. He seemed to be a little man without a care.他似乎是一個(gè)沒(méi)有煩事的小人物。
高中英語(yǔ)基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)及考點(diǎn)突破2
1. give短語(yǔ)總結(jié)
(1)give away
�、俜职l(fā)，送給人e. g. He gave away all his pictures.他把所有的畫都送人了。
�、谛孤�(機(jī)密)，暴露(自己的.情況) Please don’t give my secret away.請(qǐng)不要泄漏我的秘密。
(2)give back
①還給e. g. I must call at the library to give back this book.我必須去圖書館還書。
�、诨謴�(fù)(健康等)e. g. Living here has given me back my health.住在這里我的健康恢復(fù)了。
(3)give in
�、俳簧蟻�(lái)e. g. Give in your exercise books.請(qǐng)交上練習(xí)本。
�、� give in (to sb. )讓步，妥協(xié)，投降，認(rèn)輸，向……讓步
e. g. The enemy is surrounded and must soon give in.敵人被包圍了必須馬上投降。
He is always giving in to other people.他總是向別人讓步。
(4) give off散發(fā)出e. g. The flowers give off a sweet fragrance.花散發(fā)出甜美的香氣。
(5)give out
�、偕l(fā)，頒發(fā)e. g. The teacher gave out the examination papers.老師分發(fā)試卷。
�、谛糴. g. He gave out that he was going to England.他宣布他將去英國(guó)。
�、郾挥猛�，耗盡，沒(méi)有了
e. g. You can’t have a hot bath—the water will give out.你不能洗熱水澡，水快沒(méi)了。
�、�(機(jī)器等)失靈，(人)體力不支. The chair gave out under the fat man.人太胖了，椅子垮了。
�、莅l(fā)出e. g. The radio is giving out a strange signal.無(wú)線電發(fā)出奇怪的信號(hào)。
(6)give up放棄，不再做(某事)He has given up playing football.他不再踢球了。
2 as well as
(1)意為“除……外”“同”“和”“并”“也”，后接動(dòng)詞時(shí)用動(dòng)名詞。
e. g. He gave me money as well as advice.他不但給我建議還給我錢。
Alice has an English-Chinese dictionary as well as a Chinese-English dictionary.
愛麗絲不但有一本漢英詞典還有一本英漢詞典。
The little girl is clever as well as beautiful.這個(gè)女孩不但漂亮，而且聰明。
(2) A as well as B部分作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)與A一致
e. g. The teacher as well as his students was praised.不僅學(xué)生而且老師也受到了表?yè)P(yáng)。
高中英語(yǔ)基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)及考點(diǎn)突破3
1. The Spring Festival, …and festivals help us understand who we are, remember where we come from, and share our hopes for a happy future.
春節(jié)，……和節(jié)日幫助我們了解我們是誰(shuí)，記住我們從哪里來(lái)，并共同分享對(duì)美好未來(lái)的期望。
share v.
(1)共同具有，合用e. g. Three doctors share the office.三個(gè)醫(yī)生共用這個(gè)辦公室。
(2)分享，分擔(dān)e. g. They would share the joys and sorrows.他們將同甘苦，共患難。
(3)share in分享，分擔(dān)，共同努力
e. g. We all shared in his happiness when he won the scholarship.
當(dāng)她獲得獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金時(shí)，我們都替他高興。
(4) share with與……合用
e. g. Would you mind sharing a bedroom with another guest?
你介意和另一位客人共用一個(gè)房間嗎?
比較：spare
(1)留出(時(shí)間作某事)，擠出(時(shí)間)
e. g. Can you spare the time to help me?你能擠出時(shí)間幫助我嗎?
(2)不用，勻出(給別人用)
e. g. Father couldn’t spare the car, so John had to walk.爸爸要用車，因此約翰只得步行。
(3)放過(guò)，饒(命)，不殺
e. g. The king spared the lives of the women and children.國(guó)王放過(guò)了婦女和兒童。
save v.
(1)挽救，拯救e. g. They fought bravely and saved the country.他們勇敢戰(zhàn)斗拯救祖國(guó)。
(2)節(jié)省，省去，省著用，保護(hù)
e. g. If we buy plenty of food now, it will save shopping again this week.
如果我們現(xiàn)在買了足夠的食物，這周就省了再上街購(gòu)物了。
Save your eyes by reading in good light.在光線足的地方讀書可保護(hù)你的眼睛。
(3)節(jié)約，存錢，省錢，儲(chǔ)蓄
e. g. He’s saving to buy a bicycle.他省錢來(lái)買自行車。
(4)留下，保留，保住，留作他用
Save your strength for the hardwork, you’ll have to do later.
留著點(diǎn)兒勁，你一會(huì)兒還得干活兒呢。
(5)save …for…留供……用
e. g. He is saving himself / his strength for the heavy work.他節(jié)省力量來(lái)干重活。
2. There seems to be no other choice.似乎別無(wú)選擇。
seem v.
(1)似乎，好像
�、� +不定式：
seem to do表示一般狀況。
e. g. I don’t seem to lack anything.我好像不缺什么。
seem to have done表示該動(dòng)作是在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞發(fā)生之前就已經(jīng)完成。
I seem to have caught a cold.我好像感冒了。
He seemed not to have grasped what she really meant.他好像沒(méi)有把握她的意思。
seem to be doing表示在過(guò)去的某段時(shí)間里正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作，強(qiáng)調(diào)該動(dòng)作在過(guò)去持續(xù)了一段時(shí)間。e. g. She seemed to be sleeping.她好像在睡覺(jué)。
seem (to be)+表語(yǔ)(adj.或n.或prep. )
e. g. You seem to be in a great hurry.你似乎很著急。
�、� It seems(ed) (that)從句可以和“主語(yǔ)+seems/seemed+動(dòng)詞不定式”互相轉(zhuǎn)換，意思不變。注意句型轉(zhuǎn)換：
e. g. It seemed that he had failed the exam.= He seemed to have failed in the exam.
他似乎沒(méi)通過(guò)考試。
It seems that nobody knew what had happened.看來(lái)沒(méi)人知道發(fā)生了什么事。
It seems(ed) as if從句
e. g. It seems as if there will be an election soon.好像很快就要選舉了。
�、� There seems(ed) (to be)好像有，似乎有
e. g. There seems to be something/the matter with her.她好像有什么事。
(2)看來(lái)，似乎是(什么樣子) link v. (系動(dòng)詞)
�、� +形容詞e. g. He seemed to me quite normal.對(duì)于我來(lái)說(shuō)，他很正常。
② +分詞e. g. She always seemed well pleased.她好像總是很高興。
�、� +名詞e. g. It seems not a bad idea.那個(gè)主意好像不錯(cuò)。
�、� +介詞短語(yǔ)e. g. You seem in high spirits.你好像情緒很高漲。
3. …or, in other words, the first day of spring.或者，換句話說(shuō)，春天的第一天。
(1)in other words換句話說(shuō)
e. g. In other words, we can complete the project on time only in this way.
換句話說(shuō)，只有這樣我們才能按時(shí)完成工程。
In other words, if you break the rule, you will be punished.
換言之，如果你違反了規(guī)則，你將受到懲罰。
(2)in a word總之，簡(jiǎn)言之
e. g. In a word, I don’t trust him.總之，我不信任他。
(3)in words用言語(yǔ)
e. g. Though the boy is only two, he can express his meaning clearly in words.
盡管這男孩只有兩歲，他能清楚地用語(yǔ)言來(lái)表達(dá)他的意思。
4. It is not a sad day, but rather a time to celebrate the cycle of life.這不是悲傷的一天，而是慶祝生命輪回的時(shí)刻。
rather副詞
(1)“相當(dāng)，頗，甚”
e. g. We all were rather tired after our long walk.走了那么遠(yuǎn)，我們都相當(dāng)累了。
I rather expected that we would win.我很希望我們能贏。
(2)比較fairly, rather, quite, pretty
�、俦硎境潭�
fairly與rather表示“相當(dāng)?shù)亍睍r(shí)，fairly含有積極肯定的意思，rather含有消極否定的意思。
e. g. The question is fairly difficult.這個(gè)問(wèn)題很難——但適當(dāng)。
The question is rather difficult.這個(gè)問(wèn)題很難——有點(diǎn)過(guò)難，不適當(dāng)。
fairly是程度最輕的，例如：某人的英語(yǔ)說(shuō)得fairly well,言外之意是他只能應(yīng)付一些日常用語(yǔ)。說(shuō)某本書fairly good，是說(shuō)這本書還可以看一看，但沒(méi)有贊揚(yáng)之意。
e. g. He’s just written a new book. It’s fairly interesting, but certainly not his best.
他剛出了一本新書，這本書還算有意思，但肯定不是他的.最佳作品。
He studies fairly hard.他學(xué)習(xí)還算用功。
quite比f(wàn)airly程度強(qiáng)一點(diǎn)，如果你認(rèn)為某本書quite good,就是在推薦給別人看，雖算不上最佳小說(shuō)，但還是值得一看。
e. g. They study English quite hard.他們學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)還保留用功。
He was quite polite, but he wasn’t ready to help me.他相當(dāng)有禮貌，但他并不愿意幫助我。
rather程度上比quite又強(qiáng)，相當(dāng)于more than expected/more than you want。如說(shuō)某人的外語(yǔ)rather well,那此人肯定是個(gè)內(nèi)行，就電影而言，rather good是說(shuō)勝過(guò)多數(shù)影片。
e. g. She speaks English rather well.她的英語(yǔ)講得真不錯(cuò)。
pretty表示程度時(shí)，和rather差不多，多用于非正式文體。
e. g. Twenty-five is pretty old to take up ballet dancing.二十五歲才學(xué)芭蕾舞年齡太大了。
The situation seems pretty hopeless.情形似乎沒(méi)有太大希望了。
�、谟梅�
rather和quite可置于不定冠詞前或后
e. g. That is quite / rather a surprising result.那是一個(gè)相當(dāng)驚人的結(jié)果。= That is a rather / quite surprising result.
rather可與比較級(jí)和too +形容詞/副詞連用，quite只能與better連用。
e. g. This book is rather too difficult for the juniors.這本書對(duì)低年級(jí)的學(xué)生來(lái)說(shuō)太難了。
Today I feel quite better.今天我感到好多了。
This room is rather larger than we want.這個(gè)房間比我們需要的大了不少。
quite同沒(méi)有程度差別的形容詞連用時(shí)，一般作“完全地”“絕對(duì)地”。
e. g. She was quite alone.她非常孤單。It’ s quite impossible.這絕不可能。
4. Whatever the trick is, if a person is taken in, he or she is called “April Fool”!不管是什么把戲，如果一個(gè)人上當(dāng)了，他或她就被稱作“四月傻子”。
(1) whatever
①= no matter what無(wú)論是什么，不管什么，在句中作狀語(yǔ)。
e. g. Whatever happens, we will not change our plan.無(wú)論發(fā)生什么事，我們都不會(huì)改變計(jì)劃。
No matter what you want to do, above all, you should obey the law.
不管你想干什么，首先，你必須守法。
�、� = anything that任何事/東西，在句中起名詞作用，引導(dǎo)名詞性從句。
e. g. You can take whatever you like.= You can take anything that you like.
你可以拿走你喜歡的任何東西。
(2)take in
�、倨垓_，哄騙，使上當(dāng)
e. g. We were completely taken in by his story.我們完全被他的故事騙了。
�、诶斫猓I(lǐng)會(huì)，明白
e. g. The lesson was too difficult for the class to take in.課太難了，學(xué)生難以領(lǐng)會(huì)。
③接受(房客，客人等)，讓……在家居住(食宿)，收留
e. g. The farmer took in the lost travelers for the night.農(nóng)夫讓迷路的旅行者在家過(guò)夜。
�、馨ǎ婕癳. g. The study of physics takes in many different subjects.物理學(xué)涉及許多學(xué)科。
(3)take up
①開始學(xué)習(xí)，開始做(某項(xiàng)工作)
e. g. What is your son taking up in college?你兒子在大學(xué)學(xué)習(xí)什么?
②從事某項(xiàng)活動(dòng)，發(fā)展某種愛好
e. g. At the age of sixty he took up the study of Russian.六十歲時(shí)他開始學(xué)俄語(yǔ)。
�、壅加茫嫉�(時(shí)間，空間)e. g. The meeting took up the whole morning.會(huì)議占了整個(gè)上午。
�、芙邮躤. g. Do you intend to take up his offer of a job?你想接受他提供的工作嗎?
�、菸�(墨水，灰塵等)e. g. Plants take up water.植物吸水。
高中英語(yǔ)基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)及考點(diǎn)突破4
1. hono(u)r vt.
(1)尊敬
e. g. Children should honour their father and mother.孩子應(yīng)該尊敬父母。
(2)對(duì)……表示敬意
e. g. Flowers were placed there to honour his memory.鮮花擺放在那里為了紀(jì)念他
(3)使感到榮幸
e. g. You honour us by being with us today.今天你和我們?cè)谝黄疬@是我們的榮幸。
I am honoured to be asked to speak here.被邀請(qǐng)?jiān)诖酥v話是我的榮幸。
honour n.
(1)榮譽(yù)，光榮(不可數(shù)名詞)
e. g. They fight for the honour of their country.他們?yōu)樽鎳?guó)的榮譽(yù)而戰(zhàn)。
(2)(高尚)人格，信譽(yù)(不可數(shù)名詞)
A man of honour would not behave in so cowardly way.
一個(gè)高尚的人行為處事不會(huì)這么懦弱。
(3)尊敬，敬重(不可數(shù))
e. g. One must show honour to one’s parents.一個(gè)人必須尊敬父母。
(4)使感到光榮的人或事，榮幸(可數(shù)，多作單數(shù))
e. g. It’s an honour to meet you.見到你十分榮幸。
比較：in honour of為了(紀(jì)念或表示敬意而舉行某活動(dòng))
e. g. It is only a dance in honour of her birthday.這只是紀(jì)念她生日的一個(gè)舞會(huì)。
A memorial meeting was held in his honour.為了紀(jì)念他而舉行紀(jì)念會(huì)。
have the honour (of)有幸……,榮幸地
e. g. May I have the honour of your company at dinner?我能有幸與您共進(jìn)晚餐嗎?
2. determine vt.
(1)決定
e. g. His future has not been determined, but he may study medicine.
他還沒(méi)決定好未來(lái)，但他可能學(xué)醫(yī)。
Can we now determine the date for our party?我們現(xiàn)在能決定派對(duì)的日期嗎?
(2)決心，決意，決定(作某事)，(用過(guò)去分詞)決心，下定決心
determine+不定式to do
e. g. She determined to go that very afternoon.她決心就在那個(gè)下午走。
determine+從句
He had been determined that no one should know.他決意不讓任何人知道。
determined過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)，果斷，堅(jiān)定，堅(jiān)決
e. g.His voice was determined, and his eyes were flashing.
他的聲音很堅(jiān)決，他的眼睛閃閃發(fā)亮。
determination n.
(1)決心(不可數(shù))
e. g. He came with the determination of staying/to stay one week.他決心呆一周。
(2)決定(不可數(shù)，間或加不定冠詞)
e. g. The boy came to a determination to run away from school.男孩決定逃學(xué)。
self-determination n.自主，自我決定
3. purpose n.目的，意圖，目標(biāo)
e. g. What is your purpose in doing this?你做這件事的目的是什么?
比較：for…purpose為了……目的on purpose有意地，故意地，特意
e. g. If I go there in future, it will be for the purpose of seeing you.
如果我今后去那兒的'話，就是為了見你。
I’ve come on purpose to speak to you.我來(lái)是特意要與你談?wù)劇?/p>
She did it on purpose.她是故意那樣做。
4. reminder n.提醒的人(物)，暗示
e. g. Please give me a reminder this afternoon to phone him.請(qǐng)下午提醒我給他打電話。
remind v.使……想起，提醒
(1)+ of短語(yǔ)e. g. That story you have just told reminds me of an experience I once had.
你剛剛講的故事使我想起了我曾經(jīng)有過(guò)的經(jīng)歷。
(2)+ sb. to do e. g. Please remind me to write that letter.請(qǐng)?zhí)嵝盐覍懶拧?/p>
(3)+從句e. g. The sight of the clock reminded me that I was late.
看見時(shí)鐘使我想起我遲到了。
5.compare v.
(1)compare … with…比較，指同類事物的具體比較
e. g. Compare these two languages, and we can see there are differences as well as similarities.
比較這兩種語(yǔ)言，可以發(fā)現(xiàn)它們有同有異。
Parents like to compare their own children with other children.
父母?jìng)兛傁矚g把自己的孩子與別的孩子進(jìn)行比較。
(2) compare … to …比作，指非同類事物的抽象比較
e. g. Shakespeare compared the world to a stage.莎士比亞把人世比作舞臺(tái)。
People often compare girls to flowers.人們經(jīng)常把女孩子比作花朵。
(3) compared to/ with…與……比起來(lái)，常在句中作狀語(yǔ)，可位于句首或句尾，to和with可通用。
It was a small place then compared to/ with what it is now.
和現(xiàn)在比起來(lái)，那時(shí)它還是個(gè)小地方。
6.表示穿著的動(dòng)詞
(1)put on表示穿上的動(dòng)作
e. g. He put on his coat and went out hurriedly.他穿上外衣匆匆忙忙地出去了。
(2) wear表示穿著狀態(tài)，意義最廣，可用于衣服、鞋、帽、襪、手套、眼鏡、手表、徽章、首飾，還可表示頭發(fā)、胡須的式樣，帶有某種表情或樣子。
e. g. He was a short man wearing thick glasses.他是一個(gè)帶著厚厚的眼鏡的矮小的人。
(3) dress既可表示動(dòng)作也可表示狀態(tài)，作及物動(dòng)詞時(shí)，后面賓語(yǔ)是人，即dress sb. / oneself (in sth. )或be dressed in sth.
e. g. She dressed the baby in red.她給孩子穿上了紅色的衣服。
(4) have on表示穿著狀態(tài)，無(wú)進(jìn)行時(shí)。
e. g. She had a red dress on.她穿了一件紅裙子。
(5)be in sth.表示狀態(tài)
e. g. He’s in plain clothes.他身著便裝。
What colour is your child in?你的孩子穿著什么顏色的衣服?
7. light的用法
(1)adj.明亮的(=bright)，淺色的(=pale)
e. g. His room is light and airy.他的房間又亮又通風(fēng)。
It gets light at about six o’clock.六點(diǎn)左右天亮。
She has a light green dress.她有一條淡綠色的裙子。
(2)n.①光線，亮光(不可數(shù))，但如表示一種光線時(shí)，尤其是被形容詞修飾時(shí)，前可加不定冠詞。e. g. The test-tube was glowing with a faint blue light.試管里發(fā)出微弱的藍(lán)光。
�、跓簦瑹艄猓l(fā)光物，引火物(可數(shù))
e. g. There were no lights on in any office room.沒(méi)有一個(gè)辦公室里有燈光。
(3) v. (light, lit, lit)和(light, lighted, lighted)
�、冱c(diǎn)燃(生爐子)e. g. When it was dark we lit the candles.天黑時(shí)我們點(diǎn)上了蠟燭。
②照亮e. g. Our streets are lit by electricity.街道被燈光照亮。
③(使)變得亮起來(lái)，開朗起來(lái)
e. g. Her face lighted when she saw who it was.當(dāng)她看清是誰(shuí)時(shí)，她的臉亮了起來(lái)。
Suddenly a smile lit (up) her face.突然微笑使她的臉亮了起來(lái)。
(4)light up動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)
�、僬樟粒c(diǎn)亮e. g. The burning building lit up the whole street.燃燒的建筑物照亮了整條街道。
�、�(使)容光煥發(fā)，春風(fēng)滿面(指人的面部表情)
e. g. Her face lit up when she heard the good news.當(dāng)她聽到好消息時(shí)，臉上露出喜色。
注意：light的過(guò)去分詞有兩種: lighted, lit當(dāng)作定語(yǔ)修飾名詞時(shí)，用lighted。
e. g. a lighted candle一支點(diǎn)著的蠟燭。
8 .common用法及common, usual, ordinary, general區(qū)別
(1)common
①共同的，共有的e. g. English is their common language.英語(yǔ)是他們的共同語(yǔ)言。
�、谄胀ǖ�，一般的，平常的Nothing is commoner than that.沒(méi)有比此更普通的。
�、鄢Ｒ姷�，到處可見的e. g. Is this word in common use?這個(gè)字常用嗎?
④ in common (with sb. )共同的e. g. We have many things in common.我們有許多共同之處。
(2) common, general, ordinary, usual區(qū)別
common側(cè)重“普通”，表示“時(shí)時(shí)發(fā)生，人所共有”，并含有“并不高貴，地位低下”之意，指符合或具有全體共有的特征，其反義詞為rare。
e. g. a common saying俗語(yǔ)a common wish一個(gè)共同的愿望
common sense常識(shí)common knowledge普通知識(shí)
This is a grammatical mistake common among beginners in English.
這是個(gè)初學(xué)英語(yǔ)的人易犯的錯(cuò)誤。
general側(cè)重“普遍”，表示在大多數(shù)人或事物中流行并受到關(guān)注，不含有“地位低下”之意，其反義詞為specific。e. g. general readers一般讀者a general idea一個(gè)普通的觀點(diǎn)
ordinary與common基本同義，側(cè)重“外表平凡的，普通的”，表示“隨時(shí)可以碰到，不值得驚奇”，其反義詞為superior。
e. g. an ordinary event一件極平常的事an ordinary person一個(gè)普通的人
My teacher is an ordinary-looking man.我的老師是個(gè)相貌平常的人。
usual用來(lái)指事物，強(qiáng)調(diào)習(xí)慣性，一貫如此，意為“通常的，慣常的”,含有“隨集體風(fēng)俗或個(gè)人習(xí)慣而常常發(fā)生”之意，其反義詞為unusual。
e. g. as usual和往常一樣It’s a usual thing with him.這對(duì)他來(lái)說(shuō)是平常事。
9. believe與believe in
believe相信= think …true,后接表示人或事物的名詞或代詞，也可接what/ that從句
e. g. I believe you. = I believe what you said.我相信你說(shuō)的話。
I could hardly believe my ears/eyes.我簡(jiǎn)直不敢相信我所聽到的/看到的。
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