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高考英語考點(diǎn)形容詞副詞分析(2)
1.原級(jí)的用法
表示雙方在程度、性質(zhì)、特征等某方面相等時(shí),用“as+原級(jí)形容詞/副詞+ as”的結(jié)構(gòu);表示雙方不相等時(shí),用“not so(as)+原級(jí)形容詞/副詞+ as”的結(jié)構(gòu);表示一方是另一方的若干倍時(shí),用“倍數(shù)+ as+原級(jí)形容詞/副詞+ as”的結(jié)構(gòu)。
Xiao Wang is as tall as Xiao Yu.
This building looks not so (as)high as that one.
Miss Xu speaks English as fluently as you .
This room is three times as large as that one.
2.比較級(jí)的用法
、匐p方比較,表示一方超過另一方時(shí),用“比較級(jí)+than”的結(jié)構(gòu)表示;
This picture is more beautiful than that one.
注意:
▲比較對(duì)象的一致性
請(qǐng)看下面這道選擇題:
The weather in China is different from__ __.
A. in America B. one in America C. America D. that in America
本題意為"中國的天氣比美國熱。"比較的是天氣而不是國家,C不能選。A沒有名詞,后句成分不全,排除。B和D中,B中的one常用來代替可數(shù)名詞,而that可車以代替不可數(shù)或抽象名詞,所以選D。
▲要避免將主語包含在比較對(duì)象中
(錯(cuò))China is larger than any country in Asia.
(對(duì))China is larger than any other countries in Asia.
▲注意比較對(duì)象的省略或隱藏:有時(shí)省略或不點(diǎn)明被比較的對(duì)象,而是通過語境來暗示被比較的對(duì)象。
請(qǐng)看下面這兩道選擇題:
If there were no examinations, we should have ___ at school.
A. the happiest time B. a more happier time C. much happiest time D. a much happier time
本題將比較的對(duì)象隱藏在虛擬條件句中,即:與沒有考試的時(shí)候相比。本題答案選D。
I don’t think this film is by far the most boring.I have seen____________.
A. better B. worse C. the best D. the worst
由前文“我認(rèn)為這部電影不是最沒趣的”可知,“我看過(比這部)更差的電影”,省略了than this one。本題答案是B。
It takes a long time to go there by train; it's ________by road.
A. quick B. the quickest C. much quick D. quicker
由語境可知,句末省略了than by train,用比較級(jí)。本題答案是D。
②表示一方不及另一方時(shí),用“l(fā)ess+原級(jí)+than”的結(jié)構(gòu)表示;
This room is less beautiful than that one.
、郾硎疽环匠^另一方的程度或數(shù)量時(shí),可在比較級(jí)前加表示程度的狀語,如even、a lot、a bit、a little、still、much、far、yet、by fay等修飾;
He works even harder than before.
注意:by far通常用于強(qiáng)調(diào)最高級(jí)。用于比較級(jí)時(shí),一般放在比較級(jí)的后面,如在前面,應(yīng)在二者中
間加“the”。
He is taller by far than his brother.
He is by far the taller of the two brothers.
、鼙硎疽环诫S另一方的程度而變化時(shí),用“the +比較級(jí)(主語+謂語),the +比較級(jí)(主語+謂語)”的結(jié)構(gòu)(意為“越……越……”);
The harder he works, the happier he feels.
、莶慌c其他事物相比,表示本身程度的改變時(shí),用“比較級(jí)+ and+比較級(jí)”的結(jié)構(gòu);
The weather is getting colder and colder.
The girl becomes more and more beautiful.
、弈承┮-ior結(jié)尾的形容詞進(jìn)行比較時(shí),用to代替than。這些詞有inferior(劣等的,次的)、superior(較
好的,優(yōu)于……)、junior(資歷較淺的)、senior(資格較老的)、prior(在……之前)等;
He is superior to Mr.Zhang in chemistry.
、咴诒容^從句中為了避免重復(fù),我們通常用that(those)、one(ones)代替前面出現(xiàn)的名詞。that指物,one既可指人又可指物。that可代替可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)和不可數(shù)名詞,而one只能代替可數(shù)名詞;
The book on the table is more interesting than that(或the one)on the desk.
A box made of steel is stronger than one made of wood.
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