A級(jí)考前技巧輔導(dǎo)-語(yǔ)法

 

    語(yǔ)法在考試中也占有相當(dāng)?shù)谋壤?今天我們就來(lái)看看語(yǔ)法部分.?

    從歷年全真試題分析看，三級(jí)考試語(yǔ)法考查重點(diǎn)是時(shí)態(tài)與語(yǔ)態(tài)、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞、動(dòng)詞不定式、分詞、動(dòng)名詞、定語(yǔ)從句、狀語(yǔ)從句、虛擬語(yǔ)氣、主謂一致、倒裝句、強(qiáng)調(diào)句型、反意疑問(wèn)句、代詞、 形容詞和副詞等。現(xiàn)逐一分析。??

一、時(shí)態(tài)與語(yǔ)態(tài)??

本部分的考查重點(diǎn)是：?

過(guò)去完成時(shí)：常和before, after, until, when等引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句連用,其謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作一般表示過(guò)去。?

（by the time/the end of）+表示過(guò)去時(shí)間的短語(yǔ)或句子。?

hardly/scarcely＋過(guò)去完成時(shí)＋when＋過(guò)去時(shí)；no sooner＋過(guò)去完成時(shí)＋than＋過(guò)去時(shí)。

▲ 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)和現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)：?

狀語(yǔ)詞組：this day(week, month, year), so far, for some time, up to now, up to the present, all this year等。?

▲ 將來(lái)完成時(shí)：常和before, until, when, after 等引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句連用，其謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作一般表示將來(lái)。?

by(the time/the end of)＋表示將來(lái)時(shí)間的短語(yǔ)或句子。?

1）By the end of this month, we surely____ a satisfactory solution to the problem.

A．have found       B．will be finding C．will have found    D．a(chǎn)re finding?

答案C。?

2）Until then, ____his family       from him for six months.?

A．didn’t hear     B．hasn’t been hearing C．hasn’t heard    D．hadn’t heard?

答案D。?

3）It seems oil ____from this pipe for some time. We’ll have to take the machine apart to put it right.?

A．havd leaked        B．is leaking    C．leaked D．has been leaking?

答案D。?

4）The conference ____ a full week by the time it ends.?

A．must have lasted          B．will have lasted    C．would last     D．has lasted?

答案B。??

二、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞??

情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的測(cè)試重點(diǎn)：?

should(ought to)+have+p.p.表示“對(duì)已發(fā)生事情的責(zé)備、驚奇或推測(cè)”以及表示“應(yīng)該發(fā)生而沒(méi)有發(fā)生的事情”。?

▲ might/could+have+p.p.表示“過(guò)去可能發(fā)生而沒(méi)有發(fā)生的事情”。?

▲ must+have+p.p.表示“對(duì)過(guò)去事件的推論”，只用于肯定句。否定句和疑問(wèn)句需用can’t和can.?

▲ needn’t +have+p.p.表示“做了不必做的事”。?

1）The room is in a terrible mess; it        ____cleaned.?

A．can’t have been     B．shouldn’t have been?C．mustn’t have been          D．wouldn’t have been?

答案A。?

2）With all this work on hand, he      ____ to the cinema last night.?

A．mustn’t go     B．wouldn’t go    C．oughtn’t go    D．shouldn’t have gone?

答案D。??

三、動(dòng)詞不定式??

本部分的考查重點(diǎn)是不定式的完成式，進(jìn)行式和被動(dòng)式。?

1）Mrs. brown is supposed        ____for Italy last week.?

A．to have left    B．to be leaving    C．to leave      D．to have been left?

答案A。?

2）I’d rather read than watch television; the programs seem   ____all the time.?

A．to get worse        B．getting worse?C．to have got worse    D．to be getting worse?

答案D。?

3）Mr Johnson preferred ____         heavier work to do.?

A．to be given         B．to give    C．to have given       D．having given?

答案A。?

4）A Dream of the Red Chamber is said ____       into dozens of languages in the last decade.?

A．to have been translated         B．to translate?C．to be translated     D．to have translated?

答案A。??

 

四、分詞（現(xiàn)在分詞和過(guò)去分詞）??

(一）分詞作狀語(yǔ)?

當(dāng)分詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，其邏輯上的主語(yǔ)一般須與句子的主語(yǔ)保持一致，表示時(shí)間、原因、條件、方式、讓步和伴隨情況等。?

1）Michael used to look hurt and surprised when          ____.?

A．scolding    B．to scold    C．having scolded    D．scolded?

答案D。?

2）        ____such a good chance, he planned to learn more.?

A．To be given   B．Having been given    C．Having given    D．Giving?

答案B。?

（二）分詞的獨(dú)立結(jié)構(gòu)?

當(dāng)分詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，它邏輯上的主語(yǔ)一般與句子的主語(yǔ)不一致，分詞短語(yǔ)前需帶其邏輯主語(yǔ)，構(gòu)成分詞獨(dú)立結(jié)構(gòu)，表示時(shí)間、原因、條件、伴隨情況等。?

1）A new technique____       ,the yields as a whole increased by 20 per cent.?

A．working out   B．having worked out?C．having been worked out    D．to have been worked out?

答案C。?

2）All things  ____     , the planned trip will have to be called off.?

A．considered    B．be considered?C．considering   D．having considered?

答案A。?

3）Silver is the best conductor of electricity, copper    ____    it closely.?

A．followed     B．following     C．to follow    D．being followed?

答案B。?

（三）分詞短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)和賓補(bǔ)?

1）If I correct someone, I will do it with as much good humor and self

-restraint as if I were the one       ____.?

A．to correct    B．correcting    C．having corrected    D．being corrected?

答案D。?

2）The manager promised to keep me   ____       of  how our business was going on.

A．to be informed B．on informing?C．informed     D．informing?

答案C。?

（四）With+名詞（代詞）＋V－ed或V－ing?

1）After the Arab states won independence, great emphasis was laid on expanding education, with girls as well as boys ____        to go to school.?

A．to be encouraged    B．encouraged?C．been encouraged    D．be encouraged?

答案B。?

(五)動(dòng)名詞?

本部分的考查重點(diǎn)是：?

 只跟動(dòng)名詞的動(dòng)詞：admit, include, acknowledge, risk, avoid, appreciate, consider, deny, escape, fancy, favour, hate, understand, miss, resent, delay, suggest, endure, imagine, mind, mention, dislike, postpone, excuse, practise, involve, confess, enjoy.?difficulty?trouble?have  a good / hard time=a struggle?no business?

pleasure(in)＋v －ing?

1）They are considering  ____      before the prices go up.?

A．of buying the house    B．with buying the house?C．buying the house      D．to buy the house?

答案C。?

2）Mark often attempts to escape____  whenever he breaks traffic regulations.?

A．having been fined    B．to have been fined?C．to be fined          D．being fined?

答案D。?

3）It’s no use____  &

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